Method and apparatus for making containers



Sept. 18, 1951 c. w. BucKLl-:Y E11-AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CO Filed June 14, 194e NTAINERS 9 Sheets-Sheet l 6,5 /r VWA www Sept 18, 1951 c. w. BUcKLi-:Y ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONTAINERS 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 14, 1946 :imma/tw (Zar/gf M JIM/Ziff 5a @www Hamoy sept. 1s, 1951 c. w. BUCKLEY ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONTAINERS Filed June 14, 1946 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 ON wv Ow w www -1 x OWN Vial@ ma mm @n ww N \wm A f W2/7@ lm /Nw /mm c+ Nm w n mm Sept. 18, 1951 c. w. BUCKLEY ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONTAINERS Filed June 14, 1946 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 r IIMUHHHIIIIHHU Jar LU.

Sept. 18, 1951 c. W. BUCKLEY ET AL 2,568,382

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONTAINERS Filed June 14, 1946 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept., 18,A 1951 c. w. BUCKLEY ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS Foa MAKING co NTAINERS Filed June 14, 1946 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 (har/es ffy Sept. 18, 1951 c. w. BUCKLEY ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONTAINERS 9 sheets-sheet 7 Filed June 14, 1946 Sept. 18, 1951 C. WI. BUCKLEY ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING co NTAINERS 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed June 14, 1946 Ia f JAM 'if Sept- 18, 1951 c. w. EzLjcK| |-:Y ETAL 2,568,382

METHOD AND APPARATUS F' OR MAKING CONTAINERS I 9 sheds-sheet 9 Filed Jun 14, 1946 [karim Wvcley [agar azzey Patented Sept. 18, 1951 'METHOD AND APPARATUS FOBHMAKING CONTAINERS Charles William Buckley and lEdgar "Paul `rBailey, Durham, `N. 1C., Vassignor to Wright Machinery Company, Durham,v N. C., -a corporation of North Carolina `Application'June 14, 1946, Serial No. 676,634

15 Claims. l The present invention relates to a new container or package -construction and vto a novel method and-apparatusfor making the same.

"More specifically, lthe invention relates Yto a package constructed `from a plurality of sheets fo'f paper -and/or metal foil material, laminated 4and partially folded to provide a containery :adapted to'be 'lled with a food `product 'or other =material,-and then lfurther folded vto final-form. The container `is subjected to `various heat-seal- :ing operations during its lfabrication so that vthe `iiriished vpackage is completely hermetically sealed.

'In general, the Apresent invention 'comprises a container made of -two'sh'eets of readily l-foldable material, thetsheets'perse being either single ply 'or flamina'ted, lbut 'in 'any event having adhesive --inateria'l therebetween, or having one side thereof V'provided with an adhesive material, and preferably-an adhesive 1inaterialwhich willproduce a *hermetic seal upon being subjected to'heat.

In `carryingout the principles'of the invention, fone of 'the `sheets Tis yslitted 'to "provide opposed 'pairs o`f wide and narrow flaps, which serve as end closures fforthe container,l andthe two'sheets Iare rarranged with their adhesive sides'back to back, -or in confronting relation 'to each other, with the "longitudinal edges of 'the sheets coinciding but `with their ends preferablylongitudinally o'iset,

so that in elTect onefsheetis longitudinally stag- .-'fgered with respect to the other.

The thus off- `fsetfsheets are disposed in vvertically spaced relation' with the slitted"sheet lowermost and appara- `=tus 'including side an'd end fold-forming 'dies is "providedlor effecting partial'fclding of the upper forinner sheet into a generalv U-shape to provide a `wideor bottom wall and narrowsicle walls'having iextensions "'forforniing -a'widewall or Vtopclosure 'for *the container, and for V'further folding said nupperf sheetto'provitleend -walls'fer the container fandtriangulartucks connecting nsaid end walls ands'side walls,=prior Yto `engagement of the upper vfsheet'A with the lower orouter-sheet,-which,l in turn, isrpartially'folde'd' into af U #shape about 'the inner fsheetlto provide-a double f thickness for `the varlions :walls of the container, "the two sheets be-` ing positively bondedtogether at this time inthe eareanonstituting said widefiorfbottom :wall of the fcontainerrby a heated plungerlemployedto assist Tin effecting theaforeimentioned'.'part'ialrfolding of .tl'ieftwo sheets. v.The nontainerzatthis stage is -'shallow andA horizontallyfdisposed and, if desired,

the side walls aregfolded-over in 'partiallyoverlapping relation upon the -end `walls to .provide a top closure, and portions of Ithe Jsheets -at ikthe .opposite ends 4of the container are then simultaneously v'folded 'in la given -order (by only three .additional folding operations) to lprovideendclosures'for the container. A modied construction contemplates leaving one end of y*the `container open `so that it can ybei'lled linan -uprightfposition to .adapt the same for packaginggranular .materials which would pyramid too high for :nate the `same `and Vprovide a Acompletely Therrnetically l-sealed package. I

The vprincipal-object of the invention-iisftofpro- "vide a container .structure which rcan `be .easily and cheaply made and which lat-the -sametimeis completely hermetically sealed to render the same :impervious to moisture, odors, etc.

Another :object of the invention lis -to .provide a container 'that can -'be inade from v sheet i material and folded, filled, and hermetically sealed'ny a minimum-number'of operations.

AA still :further vobject of the invention fis to :provide a methodand suitable apparatus wher-eby vthe -aforedescribedcontainer'can be successfully made.

12-"2 of Jlig.- `1 .andrparticularlyillustrating 'the .relative uposition of the diesfor forming the side f and end lfolds in'theinner sheet;

Figf is a right= end elevational view ofthe ap- 4para'tus shownV in Fig. 1;

Eig ,4 isa sectional plan view taken on the `line "4 4 ofjFig 3 and particularly `illustrating themannerin whichthe outer sheet is` indexed with respect to an opening inthe platform supporting thesame;

`Fig. 5 is a-sectional view-taken on thelineAS-S of Fig. L3 'diagrammatically illustrating theinner,

and outer "sheetsY supported inlongitudinally oiset relation prior to folding f thereof Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 0f Fig. 5;

Fig. 'I is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. but showing the inner sheet in a partially 'folded condition; Y

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the outer sheet partially folded about the inner sheet;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken on the line |0|0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 1l is a diagrammatic View illustrating the partially folded inner and outer sheets clear of the folding apparatus and deposited in a receiving box;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on the line |2|2 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the manner in which the inner and outer sheets are positioned in vertically spaced and longitudinally offset relation by the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4;

Fig. 14 is an exaggerated sectional view through the inner and outer sheets illustrating a possible laminated construction of the individual sheets;

Fig. 15 is a perspective View of the partially folded container as it appears at the completion of the folding operations performed by the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive;

Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing an extended portion of one of the side walls fully folded over onto the end walls and an extended portion of the other side rwall partially folded over to ultimately provide a top closure for the container;

Fig. 1'7 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the side wall extensions overlapped adjacent one edge of the container together with heated plate means for hermetically sealing the inner and outer sheets to complete the top closure for the container;

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic perspective View showing the next step in the process of folding the container in which the side flaps at the respective ends of the container are simultaneously folded inwardly;

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the next step of the process in which the top end aps of the outer sheet and underlying triangular flaps of the inner sheet are simultaneously folded down upon the side flaps; and

Fig. 20 is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the final folding step of the process in which the bottom end flaps are folded upwardly upon the top end aps, heated plate means also being shown for effecting heat-sealing of the ends and sides of the container.

Figs. 21-24, inclusive, illustrate the successive steps of a modified method for folding sheet material to provide a container of the general character illustrated in Figs. 13-20, inclusive, but mainly differing therefrom with respect to the order of the steps of folding and heat-sealing the end flaps to form end closures for the container;

Figs. -35, inclusive, illustrate the steps of a further modified method of folding sheet material to provide a hermetically sealable container adapted to be filled by introducing material through a small end thereof; Figs. 25-29, inclusive, illustrating the successive steps in folding the container and closing and hermetically sealing one end thereof l"while the container is in a horizontal position, and Figs. -35, inclusive,

illustrating the successive steps of filling the container and closing and heat-sealing the opposite end thereof while said container is in a vertical position.

Referring first to Fig. 13, the two sheets from which the present container is formed are generally identified by the numerals 20 and 2|. The sheet 20 forms the inner sheet or lining of the container and the sheet 2| forms the outer sheet or wrapper of the container and may have any suitable printed matter (not shown) on the lower side thereof. The lower side of the sheet 20 and the upper side of the sheet 2|, as viewed in Fig. 13, may be provided with a coating 2|]a and 2|, respectively, of any suitable thermoplastic adhesive material, such as wax, lacquer, resin, etc.

Any suitable material may be employed for the inner sheet 2B and the outer sheet 2 Actually, and preferably, the sheets 20 and 2| are themselves laminated, as diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 14, and may include a very thin layer of aluminum or other suitable metal foil 22 of a thickness of about .00035 inch adhesively bonded to a layer of tissue or bond paper 23, weighing 10 to 30 lbs. to the ream, and a second layer of paper 24, preferably porous tissue, weighing about 8 lbs. to a ream. The sheet 23 is adhesively bonded to the foil 22 throughout its area and the porous sheet 24 is impregnated with ordinary petroleum wax 25 (serving in this example as the adhesive 2l)a and ZIE) and bonded to the sheet 23 throughout its area. Thus, the sheets 20 and 2|, even when individually laminated as above, are quite thin and can be readily folded.

. It will be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to the use of any particular material or materials, inasmuch as the inner and outer sheets 20 and 2| can obviously be made of a single ply paper or single ply metal foil of suitable thickness, or multiple plies of paper and/or metal foil or other materials, the important factor, in any case, being that the confronting faces of thc sheets 20 and 2| carry the adhesive material 20a and 2| respectively, thereon which will bond the sheets together to effect complete hermetic sealing of the package made therefrom. Accordingly, it will be understood that the term inner sheet as used herein embraces either a single or multiple ply sheet of any suitable material or materials and that the same definition is to be given to the term outer sheet.

The inner sheet 20 is of a predetermined length and width, which may be varied in accordance with requirements, to provide a container of the desired size. The inner sheet 20 is plain. in the sense that it is devoid of al1 slits. On the other hand, the outer sheet 2| is of the same length and width as the inner sheet 20, but is provided with a total of eight transverse slits, four transverse slits 26 extending inwardly a predetermined distance from each longitudinal edge of the outer sheet 2| to produce portions that provide side flaps 2l, top end aps 28 and bottom end flaps 29.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, is adapted to receive and support the sheets 20 and 2| with their longitudinal edges coinciding but with their transverse edges offset to the extent indicated by the dimension X in Fig. 13, it being noted from the latter figure that the leading end 30 of the inner sheet 20 is in advance of the corresponding end 3| of the sheet 2| and that the trailing end 32 of the sheet 20 is also in advance of the corresponding end 33 of the sheet 2|. Y

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, comprises a horizontal platform 35 mounted upon a plurality of upright legs 36. The platform 35 the9 ende 31147 of said;L sheet:

5 supports :a1-.fratrie` cemprisingf. sides members- 3i!- andl 38.; and; endg. members: 3.9'.r and.w Alllev suitably. interconnected-andmounted; thereeri.V Sideffcld-f forming; dies= 4:1 and; 42- are disposeda im spaced substantially parallel@ relation:` between the side members. 31.` and 138:5 andh are suitably;` connected to .thefend!members.1:39'fand'f40itdprovide la foldforming; poclretwlltltherebetweenv An end; foldformingl die-44 .is disposed..- in; the.j ppeket.- 43 tbe: tWeenwth'eside; foldq dies' 4|.= and 4:2'-4 and. is suitably secured -to thefside-member;31.-. Afseeond-.end fold dief45 -is1lsimilarlyi disposed ,A in f thezpock-et 43 ably secured to the side members 38.

Thefside.- foldfd-ief 4l. includesemsubstantially dat toplriortien-l- 46e and@ a. curved: anda inwardliZ incl-inedportion .4ltdening'one-sidei-ofrthepocket 43s Thef sideffoldf. die has.= a .flat-topi surface 4'8z-and `a.-sim-i-larlyycon-teured icurved'iand: inclined portionf49 .-deningfthef'opbsite. side-of thespecket 43:, Theend fold dies .44and.-f45 haveetheupper most portions ther-eet` disposed af.:substantial..dis.-v taznce.- below theeplane; of.; the surfaces.;4b` :and-1.48, ofi-the side-:fold dies14zl'and542. Thesendgfoldfdie 44V includes verticaLend-facesqll: and-15lf which confront the contoured-sfaceslld and; 49e` ofV the sidefolddies .4lJA and.. 42:- and are slightly spaced therefrom to2-provide tuck formingslets 50e" and 5inconstitutingf; relatively narrow extensions.. of the-pocketwlli; Asurfacef-52f on the"--enddien44'1 is curvedfinwardlyfandi dovvnwardiy; assbestzshown inf Figs 31 and i 6, for example. and@ denesf: one end.' Wall of., the:A pocket l43:` Thet otherf end; fold die t5 is; similarly provided withrvertical end faces?53=-and54proyiding tuck forming".- sloten-53.2% and 54a extending.; ontw.ardlyfromf the pocket 43 ,and a downwardly. andiinwardlyycurvedv. surface.l 55. deningrthzef. opposite;c end; Wall ofi the pocke.t;43i

The lower facesvof ther-dies;411.42.l 444 and; 45 are; disposed inra plane ,fspacedaboveitlre tepesurr face iof thefplatformzSfftofprovidesazrecesssltfpr the reception off they. outer 'slittedi sheet '2th, the sheet.. 2A.' assuming:v the.I position: im. the; recess shown" in deteandedashllinessinilligzde.. The-lower edgee. of:` the: side;x member: 3J in the zone-r. of; the recess5ly terminates im spaced relations to] the platform'. 35 to:` provide an: entrance; opening 5J through which the.. sheet 2,-] isgsinserted fonI posietioning; uponi thev platform 3.5;y The; platform 3.5 has arectangular; opening; 58j: vertically aligned with the. pocket 43g andA the;,1ongitudina1:edgesuof said:o peningarezpreferably. rounded asa-indicated atV 58e. The;` length.` oit' the-` openings 58;: is;` equal to: thewv-idth of.` the-sheet: 2] asf. willi be apparent from Eig: 4:, It Will;v also;bes-apnarentz.thatthe slits; Zddeningfthefbottom endzflaps Zieeincide ivitlr the alines;A defining; ther4 longitudina. vea'lls.l of theeopeningz; buthave been showninwardly thereof in; thei interest of? clarity.:

' The inner.- sheet' Zit. may:` bet supplied.E from-.w roll off: materiali. (not' shown) andicut'itof ayfpredetermined.: length. and: fed: teA the= apparatus: shown iniEigs'.- 1` tof 3 byn anyf suitable-rnechanism` (not shown); andipositionedi upon; the' surfaces: 46:? and.

48e ofzthe sidewall; diesz4l and42 tmassume-.the position:- bestY indicated. in; Figs.. and 6:.` The sheet'. 2.0,. it; vvill be observed,` iszlongitudinally indexed ina predetermined? relationi toi-thepocket 4-3:l by: a? transverses stop; strip'. 5th secured to: the

endA membern 35i and.l adapted;l to b'eengaged@ by The=sheet Zillis transversely indexed?relativetotthefpocketby guide strips 60 and 6| adapted tar-cooperatewitlrthe longitudinal: edges. of said. sheet; the g-uidestrips z akami' 3.8: It-..willtbef.noted :froml'ig 'fithatif-the poeket143iis disptosedzcloser totheaend Ss'othe sheetfZathanitoethe end'32 of'saidgsheet; indcrder to provide" sidesl wall extensions. of. diierentzver.-

tical' height-:inrthe partially.: folded: container; as Willbe;` pointed fout later.-

Trh'eouter: sheet 2;I is indexedrelative' tothe innersheet Zillandfwith respect to thezopening 58 eine they-platform. 3.5. by the engagement of one off its .longitudinali edges with` the. inner surface ofgth'efsidegmemberf'SS; a-s.indicated in Figs: dv and Giandwby.V thexcooperation offwallsz62fanda83 atthe ends:of vthe recess .56 with the ends 3|; and 3331 respectively; offsadzsheet. Itzwill beundel'fstood-fi that the` outer-.- sheet'.: 2 I' may.- also be cut from-1a roll' and' provided-:with thel slits Grand automatically fedrintotheopening- 51" communi.:- cating-with the recess 565,: byvany-suitableionoonfventionalr mechanism.A v(not shown); As willr-r beseenntromliigsf. and-25, the-.end Wall' 62; ofthe recess. 56.is= disposed farthur toward' theL right thamthestopl striplifl.; and hence, theV sheets 2D and" 21 are-thus aut'ornatic'ally` disposed in.` the predetermined longitudinal osetrelation. dia.- grammatically illustrated-Ein Fig; 13'. Relerning to'Figs. 11 1:0.3; the sidefmemben-S'l hasanupright-.frame .member 64' mounted.I thereon andi thexside.` member v 38: has a similar .frame member.A 6.5i mounted thereon. The. frame -mema bers.: 6:4; and. 65;, support a transverser member:m 85

havingfa block;&secured tothe lower-side/thereoff The: transverse. member 66 and the4 block Bib serve; asia guideior; rods.68 having. a; plunger 'Gil seeuredvtc:they-lower ends thereof: The: upper endsrof; therods 618s are;` connected. to', a; .crosshead 'mg adapted; td be.v reciprocated; by a hydraulic cylinderf or other' means (not shown); The plunger 6;.9 isprbvid,ed-.withr conventionalA or-suite ablesheetng means; 1;! andiv passages 69a opening,

4'Lhare adaptedtof ben-intermittently moved into verticalfrgstrat-ion Witlcrtl'le,` pocket 43 andfopengr iuejfeby suitableyconveyor-gmeans;13. Tghe re; eeivingj boxes 12,. are@ preferably#supported byra plate 134s whileyin thefindexedpositionginorde-r vor` retain the.V` same; inf. a; nxedl herizontal; plane- .'Ilhe plater 'I4 is supported'l by the-.legs 3liv and carries;guides.v 1,5, (Ff-lgs.k 1 and 1 2)Y engagingfthe opposite-ends ofthe receiving boxes 12;. The reeeiving boxes- 7dY are adapted; to; successively y.receives thepartially1 folded container to; convey theisame. t.0'fe.n.-automatiefilling station diagram!- lnua-,tcallyindicatedat 'L6 (Eig. l) and toy there,- .aften conve-yfl the same relative i tof suitable foldingingersanda'plates (not shown) for'completingthe.folding .ofthe container.`

Let. itbevassumed, that theesheet; 210.; has begli positioned upon; the, side fold; dies.- 4.!Y` and, 42 in 1.1191361' indexed, relationA with the.. foldfforming .pocket 43.. and thatv the.. plunger.- 69, is. moving downwardly., 'ljhelower faceof theplunger. 6,9 will, cuntacuthe upper surface of the. sheet. 2.0

andr start` to,A` mol/e the, same into theV pocket. 43. At'such time, the portion of the, sheet @engaged by, the plunger 69- wi1l then ber d eected; out of the ,planev of," the supporting, surfaces. 46 and; 4B jot-'the^ side fold dieslll and 52A for the full transverse Width of saidtsheets; suchdeflection being made possible by the fact that the end fold dies 45 and 46 have the uppermost portion thereof spaced a substantial distance below the plane of the supporting surfaces 46 and 48, the object of such arrangement being to facilitate folding thereof to form tucks, described below. Continued downward movement of the plunger 69 will cause the sheet 20 to be forced deeper into the pocket 43 between the side fold dies 4| and 42, with the result that said sheet assumes a general U-shape, with the portions of said sheet outwardly of the sides of said plunger taking a general curvature corresponding to that of the surfaces 41 and 49 of said side fold dies, as shown in Figs. '1 and 8. Simultaneously, the portions ofthe sheet 20 beyond the ends of the plunger 69 and directly overlying the end fold dies 44 and 45 are caused to be folded upwardly around the ends of the plunger 69 and the -portions of said sheet adjacent thereto are moved through the tuck forming slots 50a-5|a and 531--54a to thereby form a pair of tucks 11, and an end wall 18 for the container at each end of the plunger 69, the tucks 11 connecting the end walls 18 with generally upright extensions of the side wall portions of the container.

Continued downward movement of the plunger 69 will bring the thus partially folded sheet 20 into engagement with the sheet 2| and force both sheets downwardly through the opening 58 in the platform 35, as diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. The heated plunger 69, while in contact with the sheet 20, will have caused the adhesive 2|)a on the side of said sheet remote from said plunger to become partially melted or tacky so that upon engagement thereof with the sheet 2 the contacting portions of the two sheets will adhere to each other and form a laminated bottom 19 for the container. Hence, no relative slipping of one sheet with respect to the other occurs while the plunger is forcing both sheets through the opening 58 and folding the outer sheet 2| into a substantially U-shape about the inner sheet 2|). Further movement of the plunger 89 to the end of its stroke will deposit the sheets 20 and 2| (in their completed U-shape) in the box 12, as diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. ll and l2.

It will be particularly noted from Figs. 11 and l2 that the initial offsetting of the ends of the sheets 28 and 2| has resulted in the end 30 of the sheet 28 extending vertically higher than the end 3| of the sheet 2|, and in the end 33 of the sheet 2| extending to a greater height vertically than the end 32 of the sheet 20. Thus, a strip 88 of the adhesive 2|)a on the inner sheet 28 and a strip 8| of the adhesive 2|a on the outer sheet 2| are left exposed, as is best shown in Fig. 15.

Considering Fig. in further detail, it will be observed that the narrow side flaps 21 are in the same horizontal plane as the tucks 11 and that the wide flaps 29 form a continuation of the bottorn wall 19 and are aligned with the end walls 18, but extend at right angles with respect thereto. It will be further noted that the wide flaps 28 are now upright and extend above the tucks 11.

The plunger 69, heated by the means 1|, effects positive hermetic sealing of the sheets 28 and 2| throughout an areav corresponding to that of the lower face of said plunger to provide a laminated bottom wall 19 for the container, the two sheets being pressed together against the bottom of the box 12 when the said plunger reaches the end of its downstroke. The plunger 69 is then withdrawn while air under suitable pressure is fed through the passages |39a in said plunger from the supply conduit 68h, under the control of suitable means (not shown), said air escaping at the lower face of said plunger into the partially folded container to strip the same from said plunger and facilitate retention thereof in the box or receptacle 12. The partially folded container then remains within the box 12 for conveyance to a position under the filling station 16 previously referred to. The particular formation of the upwardly opening triangular tucks 11 prevents loss of any juice or other liquid that may have been introduced into the container at the lling station 16.

After the container has been filled, the end. portions 38 and 3| are folded inwardly onto the upper edge of the end walls 18 and the end portions 32 and 33 are also folded over upon the end walls 18 and in overlapping relation with the ends 38 and 3|, as Will be understood from Figs. 16 and 1'1, by any suitable folding mechanism (not shown). The adhesive strip 8| then overlies the end 38 and the end 33 overlies the adhesive strip 88. Heat is then applied to the top closure for the container, thus formed, by a heated plate 82, which hermetically seals the sheets 20 and 2| throughout the area thereof disposed between the sides 85 of the container and the end walls 18. The container is now hermetically sealed at the top and bottom thereof and has the configuration illustrated in Fig. 1'1, wherefrom it will be noted that the top end flaps 28 are now in confronting relation with the bottom end aps 29, and that the end 33 of the outer sheet 2| is now disposed along one longitudinal edge or corner of the container. A

Fig. 18 illustrates the next step in the folding process, wherein the side flaps 21 at the opposite ends of the container are simultaneously folded inwardly by any suitable means (not shown), bringing the tucks 11 into engagement with the outer surface of the end walls 18 and causing the portions of the inner sheet 20 disposed below the top aps 28 to assume a generally triangular shape, as indicated at 83. The flaps 21 are not only brought into intimate engagement with the outer surface of the tucks 11 but also the portion of the end walls 18 not covered by the tucks 11. Thereafter, the top flaps 28 and the underlying triangular portions 83 are simultaneously folded downwardly over the side flaps 21, as indicated in Fig. 19, and the bottom flaps 29 are then simultaneously folded upwardly upon the top flaps 28, as indicated in Fig. 18, by any suitable means (not shown) to complete the folding operations. The end walls 18, tucks 11, side flaps 21, top flaps 28, triangular portions 83 and bottom flaps 29 at the opposite ends of the container are all heat-sealed together by heated plates 84, and at the same time, if desired, the sides 85 of the carton are heat-sealed to join the sheets 20 and 2| together in these regions by heated plates 86. Thus, it becomes apparent that the two sheets 28 and 2| will now have been hermetically sealed together throughout their areas to provide a package construction which is completely hermetically sealed to prevent moisture either being absorbed by the material in the container, or the loss of moisture from the container to the atmosphere. It will also be apparent that the aforedescribed method of folding the container results -in a substantially uniform distribution of the container material.

Figs. 21ptog24, inclusive, illustrate a modied method for heat-sealing thetop andY for folding.' and-'heat-sealing. the end. flaps ofthe container previously described.

vReferring now to. Fig. 21, the container illus-- trated is at the-same folding stage of the cycle shown in-Fig. 17b'ut a relatively. longer, conventional heating. plate 82a is shown for effecting.- heat-sealing ofthe overlapped portions and 8| of the sheets 20 and 21| throughout the length of said overlappedportions, itbeing recalled that in. Fig. 1'7 the overlappedportions Blifandtl` of'. the sheets 20 and Z-'areheat-sealed only in the area between the-end walls 18. Of coursegxthe portions of the sheets 2D# and 2l formingv the` bottom 'I9 ofthe container are4 bonded together in the area lying between the end walls '18,.asin Fig. 16.

Fig. 22 illustrates a-modified step in the'folding. of the-container wherein; vinstead ofnext folding.- the. side flaps 21inwardly as shownv in Fig.- 18', the wide top aps. 28v at the opposite ends ofthe container are` simultaneously folded downwardly against the end walls: 18,. thereby reducing theI triangular tucks-Htc relatively small triangulartabs-11a, it being understood that oneof the tabs 'VIa is disposed inwardly of'each of the four nar:- row side flaps 2-1; The adhesive side 2!)a of theY end wall I8s is engaged by the portion of the sheet 2l] disposed inwardly of the naps 28 so that` a good bond caribe effected throughout the area thereof. i

Fig. 23 illustrates-the next step in the modified folding process wherein the narrow end flaps 2l and-the triangular tabs. 11a at each end of thel container arel simultaneously folded inwardlyv against thefouter surface-of the flaps 28. It will be noted-that the adhesivematerial 2|a on thel narrow side flaps 2-1- will then Contact the adjacent surface ofthe triangular tabs VIa and the outer surface ofthe wide top naps 28 so that upon subsequent-application of heat a hermetic seal is formed therebetween.

Fig. 24 illustrates the final folding step of the modified method in which the wide flaps 29 at the opposite ends` ofthe container are folded` upwardly against the outer surface of the narrow aps 2l. Here again, it will be observed that in folding the naps 29- from the position shown in Fig. 23 to that shown in Fig. 24, the adhesive surface 2 Ia of the apsf29 is brought into contact with the outer surface of the narrow flaps 2l, so that upon subsequent application of heat theaps- 29 are hermetically sealed tothe flaps 251.

In Fig. 24, conventional heating` elements 84# are provided to hermetically-sealj the end wall- 18; the wide top ap 28., the tabs-11a, the narrow side flaps 21, andthe wide. bottomapl29 together, so as to form a unitaryendwall structure. This endlwall has been found to be absolutely liquid-tight. Conventionalheating. elements 8f3a are provided' to effect heat-sealing of the laminated sheetA portions forming the side walls 85 of the container. Hence, all portions of'v the laminated material comprising the container are hermetically sealedy together throughout the areas thereof in the completed'containen Figs. 25 to 35, inclusive,` illustrate a modifiedv method of making a container especially adapted.. for vertical 'lling through one smallendthere'of, instead of being filled through a wide top when` in a horizontal position as in Figs. 1 and- 15. T he advantage of such container is that it climi--V nates all objectionable piling or pyramiding off certain materials (during the lling operation). tp a height which would interfere with the.

. converting the' triangular tucks Hb into trianproper y'folding of :ther contairrenmaterial:tol comeV plete thapa-ckage. Hence,=the modiedzccntainen is betterf adapted for packagingscertain :granularmaterials .than the.` containers# previously: dei

, scribeioalthough all'enrbodn the'advantage's-ffof.;

container corresponding-tot that-shown i'nlFig.` y15,

exceptithatif the inner.' sheeti 20,.- hasLv been shown;- folde'dyatfonlyfone side: thereof toformveneiV endl wall 7.81,..instead:tof two. Itiwill. be understo'edaof o-ourse';. that the.: portionsofi the sheetsf. 2lb and-1- 2li -1 lying.; between.- thel dotLa-rId-lda-sh` liner: 19a andi thefwal-l; le: andi forming.. the.: base-portion; 19;'. ofi theiconta-inerfhave.beengbonde'dtogetheriorzheatef seale'df by/Y the piston.f69,-.thessame as in4Figt 15,i

The extended portions oftheasidefwalls oifithei container?l showrn in: Fig; 25o aref thenfoldedeoverr intoloverlappingi. relation.I as: indicated; Eig;- 26;.I

. andi-the; entire areazofi the sheetst 2U.- and 2Min-rf clad-ing the flan-portions- 283 andi: the; underlying; portions-ofi the inner? sheet 2f):4 are hermetically sealed:` togethen loy/ ar conventional' heating eletment 82h, the same as in Fig. 21a. Theznextithifee: steps. in` the. folding-` cyole of; theconta-irren' are thelsame as: shown :in Figs.i.2-2:, .23-1 and;24e..exceptt that@ onlyv the; flap@ at" onaen of: the',- container?v arelfolded to form arnendiclosure; Thus;v izrzFig;` 2.7,one-of thawide: end: flaps-1 28 igshownsfolde'dz clownupontheL adhesiveeside oftheend wall 'I3-z` and transfer-frise the:trfang-lilan` tucks-11.1 into the.v relatively small triangular-Italjet Het. IniEigLZB'., the narrow side iiaps 21 and the tabsllf are shown asV theyl appeariwhen;foldedioverupon the 2S is; shown: foldedf` oven upon: the: narrow.- lapsi 251i.` The'- overlappedi flaps;V thus folded; are.: hereV` metica-llyssealeditogetherfbyaxconventional.'heat@ ing element 841).'. Hence, atr-thisf sta-geb of*Y the) foldingcycle,-.. the? laminated. sheets; 2U.'V and 2;.

comprising the container are: hermetic'allyfsealedL ati the:4h two= widef sides: and: the flaps.` 2-8: forming:L extensions ofi one of.i said: wideisideszand-.at one' endvof-V the container.

Figi- 30 shows: the partially. folded; andy heat-- sealed container ofil Fig. 29in an: upright'pose fiton: beneath. ai fillings. spout 'Hihi tof provide:.fon.i filling; of thefcontainer` through Y the-'small4 uppen. openv end thereof.. TheA object4 ofillingthe cone. tainer. whileY in:Av an' upright position. rather: than' while in a horizontal position as showniniFig. 1'.. affords the advantage of precluding pyramiding of 4certain granular materials-- from intendfering. with theY subsequent-l folding operationswtof effect complete-closure of-.the-rcontainer, asA previ-A ously pointed-out. Assuming that the.- desiredquantity of.- mate-V rial has been introduced-intofthecontainer shownr in Fig. 3'1 through thev spoutl 116 the next-step.;

in the folding' operation.- consists; inA folding baolr the wide ap portion 29 of thefv outer sheet 21S, along,Tv theline 19e and leaving thercorrespcnding. flap portion, identified: as 29e;,of' the'inner non."- slitted sheet Ztlv in itsupright-position. Fig..l 32 illustrates the next: folding stepin. which: the* portion 29a is folded. inwardly to: form an; ends:

wall- 181 correspondingI tothe end: wallV 'IB-of', Fig; ,i

25, and forming triangulartucks-fl'll-, correspcndff ing to the triangular tucks-111,. disposed inwardlyy of the narrow aps- 2'1. The next-1 stepinthe foldingI operation is ill-ustratedi inlFig; 33 which: shows the4l wide apportion: 28- of'v the louter sheet.- Zl andthe underlyingportion of= the inner. sheetV 2 IlI foldedy inwardly upcnthe; endwail-18e, therebir l1K gular tabs 11. It will be noted from Fig. 33, that a substantial area of vthe adhesive material Zia on the narrow flaps 21 is now exposed.

The next step in the folding operation is shown in Fig. 34 wherein the narrow flaps 21 and the triangular tabs 11c are folded downwardly upon the Wide flap 28. The final step in the folding of the end closure for the upper end of the container is illustrated in Fig. 35, in which the wide ap 29 is shown folded over upon the narrow aps 21, with the inner adhesive surface 2ia thereof contacting the outer surface of said side flaps. Fig. 35 further illustrates a conventional heat-sealing element 84 for effecting hermetic sealing of the various flaps forming the closure forA the top of the container, and conventional heating elements 86 for effecting heat-sealing ofthe laminated material forming the side portions 85 of the container. With these final heatsealing operations, all portions of the laminated material comprising the container Will have been hermetically sealed together throughout the areas thereof to form a completely moisture and waterproof container.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction of the apparatus disclosed herein for effecting folding of the inner and outer sheets and 2|, respectively, and that the order of folding the side, top and bottom end flaps may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the annexed claims.

We claim:

l. The method of making a container, comprising the steps of. folding a sheet into a substantially U-shaped configuration to provide a bottom wall and side walls including extensions for forming top closure means for the container; folding the portions of said sheet at the base of the U to provide upright end walls extending substantially perpendicularly to said base and to provide outwardly extending tucks joining said end walls and said side walls; and folding the portions of said side walls that extend above said end walls over upon the upper edges of said end walls and in overlapping relation with each other to form a top closure for the container; folding said tucks inwardly against said end walls; and folding the portions of said top closure disposed outwardly of said end Walls downwardly relative to said tucks.

2. The method of making a laminated ccntainer, comprising the steps of providing two sheets of foldable material; slitting one of said sheets inwardly from its longitudinal edges to provide a series of flaps adapted to form side flaps, top end flaps and bottom end flaps for the container; positioning said sheets in vertically spaced relation; folding the upper of said sheets into a substantially U-shaped configuration and folding the edge portions of said sheet at the base of said U upwardly to provide end walls extending substantially perpendicularly to said base and to the sides of said U and to provide outwardly extending tucks joining said end walls with said side walls of -said U; engaging the thus folded upper sheet with the lower sheet; and folding said lower sheet in nested U-shaped relation about said upper sheet.

3. The method of making a laminated container, comprising the steps of: providing two sheets of foldable material having adhesive material on one side thereof; slitting one of said sheets inwardly from its longitudinal edges to provide a series of liaps adapted to form side fiaps, top end flaps and bottom end flaps for the container; positioning said sheets in vertically spaced relation lwith the adhesive sides thereof confronting each other; folding the upper of said sheets into a substantially U-shaped configuration and folding the edge portions of said sheet at the base of said U upwardly to provide end walls extending substantially perpendicularly to said base and to the sides of said U and to provide outwardly extending tucks joining said end Walls with said side walls of said U; engaging the thus folded upper sheet with the lower sheet; folding said lower sheet in nested U-shaped relation about said upper sheet; and effecting bonding of said sheets together in at least the area at the base of the U.

4. The method of making a laminated container, comprising the steps of: providing two sheets of foldable material having adhesive material on one side thereof; slitting one of said sheets inwardly from its longitudinal edges to provide a series of flaps adapted to form side flaps, top end flaps and bottom end flaps for the container; positioning said sheets in vertically spaced relation with the adhesive sides thereof confronting each other and with the ends of said sheets offset longitudinally with respect to each other; folding the upper of said sheets into a substantially U-shaped configuration to provide a bottom wall, side walls, and extensions of said sides adapted to form a top closure for the container; folding the edge portions of said upper sheet at the ends of said bottom wall upwardly to provide end walls extending substantially perpendicularly vto said bottom wall and to said side walls and to provide outwardly extending tucks joining said end walls with said side walls; engaging the thus folded upper sheet with the lower sheet and folding said lower sheet in nested U- shaped relation about said upper sheet; effecting bonding of said sheets together in at least the area of said bottom wall; folding the portions of said sheets which extend above said end walls over upon the upper edges of said end walls in overlapping relation with each other to form a top closure for the container; bonding the overlapped portions of the top closure together; folding said tucks, side aps, top end flaps and bottom end flaps inwardly with respect to said end walls; bonding the end walls and flaps together; and bonding the portions of the sheets forming the side wall-s of the container to each other.

5. The method of making a laminated container, comprising the steps of: providing a first sheet of foldable material having an adhesive on one side thereof; providing a second sheet of foldable material of substantially the same length and width as said first sheet and also having adhesive material at one side thereof; slitting said second sheet inwardly from its longitudinal edges to provide flaps adapted to serve as side, and top and bottom end flaps for the container; positioning said first and second sheets in vertically spaced relation with the adhesive sides thereof back to back and with the longitudinal edges of said sheets in vertical alignment but with the ends of said sheets offset longitudinally with respect to each other; folding said first sheet into a substantially U-shaped configuration to provide a horizontally extending portion adapted to serve as a bottom Wall for the container and upright portions extending upwardly from said bottom wall and adapted to serve as the sides and top closure for the container; folding portions of said bottom wall at the longitudinal edges of said and second sheets :that extend ira-.ho

MMM?

nietsheet' opwardly-.torovide end vrolleffor container extend tucks .intereonneotine said end4 allsvviiheaid .upright portions; vengaging .the-thon :iolded direi sheet 4.with said relatively .offset .eseoohd sheet.; foldingsaid second sheet in-nested ld-.shaped rel tionf with said-nrstlsheet sowas toiprovige; .bottom wall engagingthe bottom wel ;M... sheet Y. and upright .portions enten. ng upwardly from-said second l bottom...ov-all, mit one :.Of 'Seid upright-portionsterminatingtlowertthangtno p responding upright Wall of said firsts with: the :other :upright portiontergnin pointgabovethe;correspondngtnnlfight; ortion-.oi saidrst sheet; :foldingthelportiqnstofsa n wallsover upon: the upper edgesvofrsaig. and fin voverlapping violation with nach other D formiaztopclosure.:` e rrthe oontainer; bondingy ,e overlying portions-of Said top *lQSlllte ,e i iolding saidtuoksfofisai. rstsheetaandateeide naps of said second.-.sheet vvardlvlagainst said endewvalls of -.said;rstsheet; v e

naps :of4 said `second rsheet .-and lthe `l-.inder ing portionsofsaidrstisheetgdownwardly upon aid sidegaps; rioldingsaidibottom endgnapsfoffisaid secondsheet upwardly upon-.Saidtopend .flape;

honding said ,end1nallsiandzsaidgoverlapned dans together; and bonding :together .the portions .-.of saidinrstand Asecond@sheetfiormingthe sideew-alle iid-.Container iolding .anporotos, f-.oomprisingr means for; folding ea nrstssheetiintosubstantially 5U :shape lform to; provide, .aihottom wall .for he oontainer .and sidewalls extendingnninordly from said bottom .walliandfrorturthenioldinasaid tiret sheetstoiprovideeend wa11sfiorothe-oonta-' ereextending upwardly from Saidfloottomavvalhand :oonnected by tucks with said side Walls; and means foreeieeting-folgdinaof- .a :seoondesheet into Substantially Ueshapepformaboutsaidifirst sheet to provide another lamination for said bottom and side walls of said. container.

7. Qontainer VAfolding apparatus, Y comprising: means for folding a first sheet.intosdbstantially U-shape iorm toprovidealbottoin Wall for the container and side Walls extending upwardly from saidbottom wall and for further folding saidlflrst sheet` to provide. endwallsiorrthe. containeriextending `upwardly .from said bottom iwallsand connected; by. .tucks .with said :side walls i means for .eviecting folding .oa. second-.sheet ;into.sub stantially U.shape form. aboutesaid first sheet/to provide. anothenlaminations.iorasaid bottomiand side walls of .said .container;.-.andmeans foroieoting.; bonding of .said twobottomawallsetogether.

o8. Container ,folding apparatus, compnismg: means l for; folding.. a. rst sheet. into substantially `lla-.shape form. to provide.. a. bottom WalL-andcside wallsjfor. the. container. extending'aupWardlyr-from said bottom .Wall.and.onfurthersfoldingfsaidedirst sheet to -providoendwalls .for i the. containemextending upwardly frornlsaid bottom Wall and connected by tucks with said side walls; means for eiecting folding of a second'shee't intomsulqstnantiaglly v- -shape-iormV to-providefanother lar-nination lforsaid -bottomandsde--walls of-thevcon tainer; Yand means arrangedito-reoeive and convey the thus folded sheets.

9. Container folding apparatus, comprising: a frame carrying fold-forming dies arranged to provide a fold-forming pocket; indexing means for positioning a sheet having an adhesive on the 14 underside thereof in predetermined .relation .tio thefdies o id fold-*forminggpocketpm a I didine eoess longitudinally o eet wiihre to Seidl degineineone--and adapted torreoeive .e sheet.oi-.ioldoble-nleteriel:having edhesiveonztiie nopeneide-.thereof to ooeltioneeideheei in n. l determined indexed relation .withreeoeotfio old niet heet, `.Said ,.leet-rnentioned. meanehev. opening below saldereoees aligned A.with eid fold.- efeonnine noekei; .ondnleene for .eifeotin-e noone ment of Saidfnretoheetihroneheseid fold Sheet .end iorlnovine both sheets tillen-e.` d opening and Afori-hernleticdally sealing the-contat:- lne Snrieeeeofeeideneete toeetneninetheoo e thereof registering with.Saidfioldeiorlnineoe Qontelner `folding apparatus, Compris-.. .1 Ineens providing o :sonneri fior -o fdr-St sheet if ioldefble material and providing o -foldrfenmine pocket .heleweseid n teheet: plonger ine `Seid :niet sheet nto van.dfthrfnish seid oldforming pocket, `v`said -fOId-Qrming .pocket in elodine .enrfeeeserraneed ondfeontonred-:to operate with Seid .-nlnneernte elieot folding of Seid rst sheet `.to provide .fa vhori.dented :betteln portion for the eQn-tainer and side wall portions extending :upwardly from .sold .bottom iper; and to .-.eiieo't foldineefthe .ont moet-:ree oisaid .bottoni portion toprevide -snhstan npilghtfendpwellsforth@ einer diseased ,ee tween Said eide `v.vvolls n. to vfurther -pro de tuoks Joining-seid endfwalls .and sidewalls; no

;oooket, and said nlnngertalsoloeing movable throne-h said opening to rnovefsaid first and seoondsheets .therethrough 4.to .elieot idol.. aid -eeeo d .sheet 1 ahont vthe :.-bottoin and leidos of a1 fl Vsli p v 1.1.1- .Qonieiner iol-dine apparatus, loonlorieiher a.iron1e;.foldine.d es earned-.lov said frame. 'nohldf.. @eide .f ld dies .arr-ended so edrsnbetentiellv.here el elationandaoalr .inoneoed-.slibstentia v parallel reletiondon disposedghetween seid iolii .dieS,1th.e.oohfron-. in vfaoes offsoid dios heineionrved downwardly an ...ard-ivan phe- Yidea foldrforniine hoeken-having downwardly toni/.eroine walls .theendsof said endiolddie heine sheoediroln ethe adjeoeht .iones of 1d eine told dies :to .provide narrow ituek iornnn' e slots: ineens-.for positioning e met. foldable Sheet above saidy fold-.ionninapoolsetand .-.lnnredeten mined `relation :thereto: a platform. disposed helovv. said -iold- .dies .l .for sonner. ing a Seoond eioldfable sheet, .said .platform .having an lopening veretieallv aligned-.with sai.d;..fol.diorlnine poolsetz peer .Ineens for :moving seid niet sh t th nah. said ioldriornlineinoolseoio relient .ldi-

ins .of said diret-.sheet .to provide e hor ontel looitornportlon iorfthe eontoinerend-oide all nohtionS..eX-tending npwardlv from :..eeid .bo om portion `.andrto efieet;..fol.dine of .thefontel ,t regions of said bottom portion to provide dbf Stantlellv nor-.ight end :vv-.elle lor-:the loont iner said opening in said platform to effect folding of said second sheet about the bottom and sides of said rst sheet but in longitudinally offset 75 relation thereto.

12. The method of making a laminated container, comprising the steps of providing two sheets of foldable material and forming four slits in one of said sheets extending inwardly from one of its longitudinal edges to provide a pair of opposed narrow flaps and a pair of opposedl relatively wide flaps for the container; folding the non-slitted sheet into a substantially U-shaped configuration and folding the edge portion thereof at the base of said U to provide at least one end wall extending substantially perpendicularly to said base and to the sides of said U and to provide outwardly extending triangular tucks joining said end wall with said side walls of said U; engaging the thus folded non-slitted sheet with said slitted sheet and folding both of said sheets to provide a substantially rectangular tube; folding one of said wide flaps and the underlying portion of said non-slitted sheet over upon said end wall and transforming said triangular tucks into generally triangular tabs; folding said triangular tabs and said narrow aps over upon said one wide ap; and folding the other of said wide flaps over upon said narrow flaps.

13. The method of making a laminated container, comprising the steps of: providing two sheets of foldable material and forming four slits in one of said sheets extending inwardly from both of its longitudinal edges to provide a pair of opposed narrow flaps and a pair of opposed relatively wide naps for the container; folding the non-slitted sheet into a substantially U- shaped configuration and folding the edge portion thereof at the base of said U to provide one end wall extending substantially perpendicularly to said base and to the sides of said U and to provide outwardly extending triangular tucks joining said end wall with said side walls of said U; engaging the thus folded non-slitted sheet with said slitted sheet and folding both of said sheets to provide a substantially rectangular tube; folding one of said wide flaps and the underlying portion of said non-slitted sheet over upon said end wall and transforming said triangular tucks into generally triangular tabs; folding said triangular tabs and said narrow flaps over upon said one wide iiap; folding the other of said wide aps over upon said narrow flaps; moving the thus folded container from a horizontal to an upright position with the upper end thereof uppermost; lling said container through its open upper end; folding one of said wide flaps at the upper end of said container outwardly to leave the underlying portion of the non-slitted sheet exposed; folding said exposed portion of said non-slitted sheet inwardly to provide a top wall for said container and simultaneously forming triangular tucks in said non-slitted sheet extending upwardly from said top wall adjacent said narrow flaps; folding the other of said wide flaps over upon said top wall and transforming said triangular tucks into relatively small triangular tabs; folding said narrow aps and said triangular tabs over upon said other wide flap; and folding said one wide flap over upon said narrow aps.

14. The method of making a container, comprising the steps of: providing two sheets of foldable material; slitting one of said sheets inwardly from its longitudinal edge to provide 'a pair of narrow aps and a pair of relatively wide flaps adapted to form an end closure for the container; folding said sheets into substantially U- shaped configuration with the slitted sheet outermost and folding the edge portion of the inner sheet at one side thereof at the base of said U to provide an end wall extending substantially perpendicularly to the base and to the sides of said U and to provide triangular tucks joining said end wall with said side walls of said U disposed adjacent said narrow iiaps; folding the portions of said side walls which extend above said end wall over upon the upper edge of said end wall in overlapping relation with each other to form a closure at one side of the container; bonding the thus overlapped portions of the container together throughout the length thereof; folding one of said Wide flaps over upon said end wall and converting said triangular tucks into relatively small triangular tabs; folding said narrow flaps and triangular tabs over upon said one wide flap; and folding the other of said wide aps over upon said narrow flaps.

15. Container folding apparatus, comprising: a frame carrying fold-forming dies arranged to provide a fold-forming pocket; indexing means for positioning a sheet in predetermined relation to the dies of said fold-forming pocket; means providing a recess longitudinally offset with respect to said indexing means and adapted to receive a sheet of foldable material to position said sheet in predetermined indexed relation with respect to said rst sheet, said last-mentioned means having an opening below said recess aligned with said fold-forming pocket; and means for effecting movement of said first sheet through said fold-forming pocket into engagement with said second sheet and for moving both sheets through said opening.

CHARLES WILLIAM BUCKLEY. EDGAR PAUL BAILEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

K UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 515,121 Hunt Feb. 20, 1894 695,273 Birnie Mar. 11, 1902 954,739 Joplin Apr. 12, 1910 1,062,002 Harbeck May 20, 1913 1,425,004 Orstrom Aug. 8, 1922 1,908,823 Daniell May 16, 1933 1,957,957 Hartmann May 8, 1934 2,100,739 Gilfillan Nov. 30, 1937 v2,135,409 Munn et al Nov. 1, 1938 2,239,398 Palmer Apr. 22, 1941 2,257,433 Stokes Sept. 30, 1941 2,387,272 Kline Oct. 23, 1945 2,407,802 Stotter Sept. 17, 1946 2,430,459 Farrel Nov. 11, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 760,477 France Dec. 14, 1933 654,136 Germany Dec. 14, 1937 39,491 Norway Jan. 19, 1922 

